THE GIANT EXPLOSION : SUPERNOVA

We all have read TWINKLE TWINKLE LITTLE STARS in our childhood but we never knew how big a star is, but at that time our playtime mattered more than thinking. Gradually we all grew up and now we know that there are many stars in this universe and they are as gigantic as we can't even imagine, even sun is 13 lakh times bigger than our EARTH. But what will happen if these stars will explode? Those explosions are termed as SUPERNOVAS.

                                                                   The term 'SUPERNOVA' was coined by SIR WALTER BAADE and SIR FRITZ ZWICKY in 1929, four years before SIR ZWICKY FOUND DARK MATTER. The most recent supernova is the KEPLER's SUPERNOVA observed 400 years ago in 1604. A supernova explosion is an astronomical phenomenon and no one can ever imagine how much big they can be. These explosions are very random and there are hundreds of them happening in an year. These explosions are very bright and attractive but are hazardous as well. These energy explosions can destroy any material in its range.

The image of a supernova is as follows:-

CAUSE OF A SUPERNOVA:-

                                                               A supernova is actually nothing but the process of ending of a star. In the last days of a star, some of its matter shifts into its core and the core becomes so heavy that it cannot withstand with its gravitational pull and it results into a luminous explosion known as a supernova.

                                                                       Actually what happens is when the mass of the star shifts into the core then eventually iron atoms present in it come closer and hence they start opposing each other. But when the number of iron atoms exceeds a certain limit then the repulsive force becomes so strong that they cause this gigantic explosion. This is just the end result of  a recoil motion of the atoms due to the repulsive force.

                                                                                                                          Another supernova can be caused by a white dwarf. A white dwarf's temperature rises to such an extent that it itself triggers a nuclear fission and this results into a massive supernova explosion. However these are only two theories, there might be many other reasons behind the formation of a supernova.

EFFECTS OF A SUPERNOVA EXPLOSION:-

                                                                                                The following are the effects of a supernova explosion:-

• It can form a neutron star by crushing every proton and electron into a neutron and thus a neutron star is formed. A neutron star can be very dangerous due to its strong fields. It can cause spreading of the orbits of planets or if it gets closer, then even the raising tides will rip the planet apart.

 

please ignore the spaceship in the above image*

• The second thing that a supernova can form is a BLACK HOLE. Black holes are going to be the topic of my next post, hence I will not explain anything about it now.

• Another thing that a supernova can do is it can form stars due to the shockwave.

                                                                                                                      The shockwave of a supernova can increase the velocity of stellar objects to 10% of light's velocity i.e. it can add on a velocity of 30,000 km/s.

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